Tipping the scales: short-term interventions and counterinsurgency

Particularly in African operations, United Nations (UN) peacekeeping forces have faced significant problems in restoring stability. In at least a few situations, unilateral national military interventions have been launched in the same countries. In the cases of Sierra Leone and Côte d’Ivoire, the British and French interventions respectively played a significant role in re-establishing stability. Lessons from these operations suggest that if effective coordination and liaison channels are established, such hybrid unilateral-UN missions can in fact be more successful than “pure” peace operations.     

WRF模拟太原地区气象场特征及对弹丸的影响

在用WRF模拟太原地区2014年3月19号天气状况的基础上,得出该地区气象场特征,检验WRF模式在复杂地形下的模拟预报能力,并讨论了模拟的气象场对弹丸飞行造成的可能影响。结果表明:WRF模拟的气象场与真实大气比较接近;在该气象场背景下,射程为90 km的某弹丸由纵风引起射程误差较大,约为1 293.85 m,由横风在落点产生的横向偏差为304.85 m,由温度引起的射程偏差很小约为12.93 m。可见,实际大气对弹丸射击精度的影响是可观的,用WRF模拟的流场计算气象因素对弹丸射击精度的影响是有意义的。     

自然风对旋转弹丸外弹道性能影响的仿真研究

为研究自然风对旋转弹丸外弹道性能的影响,基于坐标变换理论考虑了地球曲率变化对刚体弹道模型的作用,分析了自然风对各气动力和气动力矩的影响,建立了非标准条件下的刚体外弹道模型。应用该模型对某105mm榴弹不同风速、风向下的外弹道过程进行仿真,结果表明,自然风对飞行弹丸的攻角姿态有较大影响,进而影响弹丸的射程和方向偏移量;自然风对弹丸攻角姿态的影响在弹丸飞行的初始阶段风速大小起主要作用,而在弹丸飞行的中间阶段则是风矢方向起主要作用。     

National security,military spending and the business cycle

This paper develops a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model where national security is an argument in the agent’s utility function and the government chooses optimally the level of military spending to maximize social welfare. National defense depends on military expenditure and on the strategic environment reflecting a potential hostile external threat. We use aggregate data on consumption, investment, and military spending for the US economy to estimate the parameters of the model. Estimation results suggest that consumption and national defense are complements and that military spending variability is mainly explained by external threat shocks although it also depends on the macroeconomic conditions. We compute impulse response functions of the main macroeconomic variables to several shocks: a total factor productivity shock, a defense technology shock, and a strategic environment shock. Surprisingly, we find that the optimal response to an increase in the external threat (a worsening in the strategic environment) will rise output by reducing consumption and increasing investment.     

狮子搏兔,亦用全力——谈《水浒传》对几个小情节的处理

《水浒传》的情节所体现出的作者的艺术造诣,一直为读者和批评家津津乐道。对于三个女人的情节,体现了现代文学理论的设计理念,值得我们重视。本文试从因果逻辑这一规律来考察这三个相似情节中的相异性,从中我们可以看出作者深厚的艺术功底。     

基于心理干预视角的高校突发事件预防

心理干预在高校突发事件管理中具有不可替代的作用,它是处置高校突发事件的重要途径,也是预防高校突发事件发生的重要手段。为更好地预防高校突发事件,应建立起预防高校突发事件的大学生心理干预机制,并将其作为高校突发事件应对机制的重要组成部分。     

消防应急救援过度应激反应及对策研究

重大灾害应急救援已经成为消防部队重要的作战任务之一,通过应激反应分类、危害性等情况研究,分析消防部队进行重大灾害救援时产生的心理影响,提出了事前、事中及事后三个不同阶段应采取的不同干预措施,对保证消防部队有效完成重大灾害救援作战任务,提高消防部队灭火救援能力具有重要意义。     

团体沙盘游戏疗法在大学新生适应问题干预中的应用

团体沙盘游戏疗法是沙盘疗法的一个组成部分,因其独特的教育和治疗功能,特别适合大学新生适应性训练。本文针对大学新生自我认识、情绪管理、人际关系等适应性问题,利用团体沙盘游戏进行了干预研究,取得了很好的教育效果。     

Reforming the notion of national sovereignty by external intervention

In principle, national sovereignty is the right of a nation to govern its internal affairs without foreign interference. In practice, it is defined by one's interpretation of international law, which may permit legal external intervention under some circumstances, ultimately removing a nation's sovereignty. This paper will examine the current system of international law outlined by the United Nations, analyse the ambiguities contained within its Charter and elaborate on how external intervention can be justified. The case-study of recent developments related to Libya will demonstrate that the manner in which international law is interpreted is changing the notion of principles of sovereignty.     

Unrestricted warfare: Review essay I

During the Nigerian Civil War (1967–1970), France chose to support Biafra, but only on a limited scale, providing mercenaries and obsolete weaponry to Ojukwu's regime. General Charles de Gaulle's assistance to Ojukwu was conditioned by the French military drawdown after 1961, the increased power of French secret services on the continent, and the interventions in Katanga (1960–1963), Gabon (1964) and Chad (1968–1972). France supported Biafra primarily to protect its former colonies from Nigeria, stop Soviet subversion and acquire an economic foothold in the oil-rich Niger Delta. De Gaulle chose a limited strategy for two reasons. If Biafra won the war, France would be Biafra's greatest ally. If Nigeria won the war, France could extricate itself from the situation relatively easily and re-establish relations with the Nigerian government, which is what ultimately occurred.